![]() ![]() Those with emphysema are at risk for a variety of other complications resulting from weakened lung function, including pneumonia. Other symptoms may be skipped breaths, difficulty sleeping, morning headaches, increased difficulty breathing while lying down, chronic fatigue, and swelling of the feet, ankles, or legs. Emphysema patients may also develop an enlarged, or "barrel,", chest. However, as the disease progresses, it will occur with less exertion or no exertion at all. Initially, a patient may only notice shortness of breath when he or she is exercising. Shortness of breath, a chronic mild cough (which may be productive of large amounts of dark, thick sputum, and often dismissed as "smoker's cough"), and sometimes weight loss are associated with emphysema. It is a common occurrence for many emphysema patients to have lost over half of their functioning lung tissue before they become aware that something is wrong. The symptoms of emphysema develop gradually over many years. These two diseases are often referred to as one disorder called chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Emphysema often occurs with other respiratory diseases, particularly chronic bronchitis. In the later stages, the lungs cannot supply enough oxygen to the blood. As the disease progresses, coughing and shortness of breath occur. The alveoli, unable to recoil efficiently and move the air out, over expand and rupture. breath ss the sounds of air moving through the tracheobronchial tree, heard during auscultation of the chest. First Heart Sound plus Aortic Ejection Click. Stridor may also occur throughout the respiratory cycle, particularly if the condition worsens. Stridor is a loud, high-pitched crowing breath sound heard during inspiration. It occurs in 10-20 of extubated patients. First Heart Sound (Markedly Split) First Heart Sound (Minimally Split) First Heart Sound Decreased Intensity. Stridor is created by air flowing through an upper airway that is narrowed or obstructed. First and Second Heart Sounds Reduced Intensity. The small passageways (bronchioles) leading to the alveoli collapse, trapping air within the alveoli. First and Second Heart Sounds Normal and Unsplit. ![]() In smokers and those with the inherited defect, however, no such prevention occurs and the lung tissue is damaged in such a way that it loses its elasticity. These substances can also attack the cells of the lungs, but the body normally inhibits such action with the release of other substances. When a person inhales cigarette smoke or certain other irritants, his or her immune system responds by releasing substances that are meant to defend the lungs against the smoke. Inspiration is normally 2-3 times the length of expiration. During expiration, sound intensity can quickly fade. They are lower-pitched, rustling sounds with higher intensity during inspiration. Normally functioning lungs are elastic, efficiently expanding and recoiling as air passes freely through the bronchus to the alveoli, where oxygen is moved into the blood and carbon dioxide is filtered out. Vesicular lung sounds are heard across the lung surface. the gentle rustling sounds of normal breathing heard by auscultation over most of the lung fields the inspiratory phase is usually longer than the expiratory.
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